CSR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

CSR - Essay Example 2. Organization 1: The main organization chose for audit is Apple Inc., which has been the main cell firm since its start. 2.1 Apple’s Corporate Social Responsibility The primary highlights of Apple’s corporate social duty as expressed in the site of the organization incorporate a more secure gracefully chain, regard and poise for representatives, and eco-accommodating assembling forms. These highlights recommend that Apple Inc. takes great consideration of its adherence to the standards of corporate social duty. It is additionally expressed on the site that the organization considered and followed the rules of Global Reporting Initiative to set up the data about CSR. Let us presently examine the principle parts of Apple’s Corporate Social Responsibility. 2.1.1 Environment Protection Apple Inc. puts forth extraordinary attempts for ozone harming substance outflows. In 2012, it is evaluated that the company’s contribution to the ozone depleting substance ou tflows was almost 30.9 million metric tons (Apple Inc. 2013). Apple Inc. has received a very much arranged way to deal with guarantee natural invitingness. The organization discovers approaches to decrease the carbon impression however everything running from a wide range of items to all offices. Apple Inc. enormous contribution to the ozone depleting substance discharges speak to the manner in which the organization fabricates its items and complete all business forms. The principle wellspring of Apple’s ozone harming substance outflows is its items, which incorporate each movement associated with item advancement from assembling to reusing. The other yet relatively minor wellspring of outflows is its offices and server farms. The organization gives uncommon consideration towards acquiring decrease the utilization of vitality to fabricate the items in light of the fact that to be vitality proficient is basic for huge scope ozone depleting substance emanations. 2.1.1.1 Renewa ble Energy If we talk about the endeavors of Apple inc. towards natural supportability, we go to that the organization utilizes sustainable power sources to decrease the weight on current wellsprings of vitality. The utilization of sustainable power sources likewise decreases the carbon impression by diminishing the effect of server farms and corporate offices (Apple Inc. 2013). 2.1.1.2 Recycling The organization likewise weights on the significance of reusing and finds a way to reuse the pre-owned items to make them usable by and by. The organization gathers all e-squander through willful and administrative projects and procedures it for reuse. 2.1.1.3 Energy Efficiency The organization quantifies the measure of nursery has discharge discharged by the items, just as during creation of items through the existence cycle approach. The organization accepts this is the progression that no other organization takes to gauge the degree of vitality effectiveness (Apple Inc. 2013). 2.1.2 Sup plier Responsibility Apple Inc. additionally deals with worker rights and gives them safe work environment so they can satisfy their duties appropriately. Not just this, the organization likewise gives instructive chances to representatives so as to for them to improve their insight and work potential. Through examinations and improvement designs, the organization ensures that the providers stick to the company’s implicit rules. 2.1.3 Labor and Human Rights Apple Inc. likewise considers providers answerable for maintaining the employees’

Color and the Visible Spectrum Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Shading and the Visible Spectrum - Research Paper Example The electromagnetic range offers different scopes of hues that can be seen by the natural eye. The obvious range ranges from 390 nanometers to 780 nanometers. In addition, the electromagnetic range has light frequencies that are either excessively low or unreasonably high for people to see, for instance, the bright that is situated past the infrared, found in the red piece of the noticeable light range (Cao and Cui, 100) Noticeable range is a little piece of the electromagnetic range that can be seen by the natural eyes. The recurrence and the frequency are regularly conversely relative. An ascent in recurrence causes an abatement in frequency just as an expansion in the vitality related with the photon. Radiations with longer frequency, infrared and noticeable light are non-ionizing radiation on the grounds that ionizing radiations involve UV light, gamma beams and X-beams. The breaking point between now-ionizing and ionizing radiation is found inside the bright districts (Eugene Hecht, 50). Unadulterated hues or spectra are those hues that are comprised of just a single frequency. Noticeable frequencies experience optical window which is characterized as the locale in the electromagnetic range that licenses frequencies to experience the earth’s air. The late morning skies frequently seem blue because of clean air dispersing it more than red frequency. The optical window is otherwise called obvious window. In the thirteenth century, Roger Bacon affirmed that rainbows created similarly as light going through a precious stone or crystal. Isaac Newton found that crystals could reassemble and dismantle white light and outlined the finding in his books about optics. He saw that a small amount of light emission is reflected while different divisions experience the crystal when a restricted light emission strikes the essence of a glass crystal (Eugene Hecht, 50). The light emission that experiences the glass regularly showed up as shaded groups. Newton speculated that light involves

Pride And Prejudice Novel Essays - Pride And Prejudice,

Pride And Prejudice Novel Recorded as a hard copy, one can communicate sentiments they can never pass on resoundingly. Letters permit one to uncover their musings more by and by and personally than they can in individual. Gazing at a clear page of paper is unquestionably less scary than investigating somebody's eyes. Correspondence is such a significant imperativeness, and letter-composing the needs loss of words, faltering, unbalanced quiets, and disquiet that discussions can some of the time convey. In the novel Pride and Preference, letter-composing is nearly as much a type of correspondence as up close and personal discussion. Actually, letters give the absolute generally exceptional and significant peaks in the story, also the absolute generally exceptional insider facts. This strategy that Austen utilizes adequately passes on the circumstance without any interference or postponement. The most clear case of a letter uncovering private emotions is Darcy's letter to Elizabeth. After Lizzy blames Darcy for being ravenous and lying, he leaves promptly without defending his activities. In the letter he thinks of her after their gathering, he clarifies, You may conceivably wonder why this was not disclosed to you the previous evening. In any case, I was not then the ace enough of myself to recognize what could or should be uncovered. (pg. 137-138) Despite the fact that Darcy's character is obstinate and narrow minded, he was compromised by her mighty nature, he felt as though he was unable to trust in her. Maybe he is scared more by his sentiments towards her since he has never been so beguiled by a lady previously. In any case, his letter makes Elizabeth understand the partiality that lies in herself, just as her adoration for Darcy. Jane Bennet, Elizabeth's more seasoned sister, communicates her emotions the most through her letters to her sister. The progressing relationship with she and Bingley frequently carried pain to her, which she would expound on to Elizabeth. After Bingley neglected to visit Jane in London, she wrote to Lizzy, ...if he (Bingley) had at all thought about me, we probably met long, quite a while in the past... I can't get it. In the event that I were not scared of judging brutally I ought to be nearly enticed to state, that there is a solid appearance of trickery in this. (pg. 102) Through this letter, and numerous others Jane kept in touch with her sister, she uncovers her sentiments of treachery, melancholy, and shortcoming. The main character who brings entertainment through his letters is Mr. Collins. Indeed, even in his composing his affected, boastful disposition is noticeable. The letters he kept in touch with the Bennet's given an approach to Mr. Collins to not just boast about his relationship with Lady Catherine de Bourgh, yet additionally to condescendingly go over the Bennet family inconveniences without accepting a response. In his first letter to Mr. Bennet, he composes, ...I have been so blessed as to be recognized by the support of the Right Respectable Lady Catherine de Bourgh...whose abundance and advantage has liked me to the significant parsonage of this ward, where it will be by sincere undertaking to belittle myself with thankful regard towards her Ladyship... (pg. 42) After the news is said of Lydia's fleeing with Wickham, Mr. Collins composes Mr. Bennet another letter, expressing, the passing of your girl would have been a favoring in examination of this. (pg. 198) And, in one more letter, he expresses, I am really celebrated that my cousin Lydia's dismal business has been so very much quieted, and am just worried that their living respectively before the marriage occurred, ought to be so commonly known. I should not, however,...refrain from pronouncing my astonishment, at hearing that you got the youthful couple into your home when they were hitched. (pg. 244) It is clear that Mr. Collins utilizes his letters as an approach to criticize the Bennet family for their flaws and spot his station in the pecking order of society well over theirs. Letters are not just utilized all through the novel to pass on feeling, in any case, to likewise give significant turns of events. The primary we know about Lydia Bennet fleeing with Mr. Wickham is through a letter from Jane disclosing to Elizabeth, An express came at twelve last night...from Colonel Forster, to illuminate us that she (Lydia) was headed out to Scotland with one of his officials; to own reality, with Wickham! (pg. 182) This event is an incredible amazement since in addition to the fact that lydia is under sixteen years of age, however Wickham was, at one time, seeking after Elizabeth. The news is one of the most shameful occasions in the novel, and by introducing it through a letter, Austen can all the more conspicuously present it with no

A reflection report and why it is an important task

In the event that your thought process to be a decent student you need get use to legitimate way to mitigate your deformities for that you should hold great perceptual experience of your procurement. In this case we are using diverse kind of devices and engineerings to quantify understudy ‘s procurement. Belbin, SWOT, Skills Audit, Study Skills poll are not many delineations for procurement devices and engineerings. In this investigation I am venturing out to show my involvement in these obtaining instruments and engineerings. It will be incorporated my quality, coming up short, chances I have acquired to expand my surveies each piece great as what are the plans I am making a trip to use achievement my securing, what are the breaks for my turn of events, how might I reassign my achievements for future calling. On the different manus I am making a trip to happen how I can use these encounters with other faculty.What are my Strengths?Bing Prepared for Study Study achievements poll show I have great improvements in arranged for study. I have recognized my own assets. I am regularly collecting idea from coachs and matured understudies. I have obviously distinguished what kind of assets do I have to progress my scholastic surveies. In this manner I am understanding books and papers, I am using the internet each piece great as library for keeps up this quality to send on. I have great contemplations who are the individuals and topographic focuses that I can use for better my surveies. It appears to be improper review progressively supportive to being set up for overview. Orchestrating Cottrell.S ( 2008, p12 ) Independent overview is â€Å" highlight all college programs. The aggregate and the sort fluctuates starting with one program then onto the next † . Study aptitudes poll portray I have great comprehend about free review hence I can document my ain accomplishment by pull offing my surveies great. Data Technology Study Audit proposes I am acceptable in data building. At the point when I was following DNIIT ( sheepskin in national organization of data Technology ) I have utilized Microsoft office related assignments each piece great as I have great involvement in other grouping of bundle. Today I am using my old experience when I am making my scholarly obtaining in Northumbria University. So it causes me to make my assignments and everything much simple. Referencing Study achievements poll depict I have great idea when I am making referencing for my scholastic origin. That mean I have comprehended maintaining a strategic distance from written falsification. In this example I am following â€Å" Cite them right † composed by Richard Pears and Graham. It is emphatically affecting me to when I am making my task in my arrangement workforce. I realize how to deliver rundown of notice, understanding about notice starting. I have positive criticism from mentor about my referencing for developmental task in embraced heading workforce. Group Worker Belbin preliminary outcome shows I am a decent crew specialist when I am working in a gathering. All around most schools and colleges rely upon people however late they all the more sing bettering understudies achievements when they are fill in as a gathering. It is call as ‘people achievements ‘ or ‘interpersonal achievements ‘ . Cottrell.S ( 2008, p93 ) . As a crew laborer I have had great involvement with my school life. It could help me to pass on with one another ‘s and bring others thoughts into my gathering each piece great as I can advance individuals in my gathering. I can divide my cognizance, musings among the gathering individuals other than I can advance them, I can listen them in the end I can pull off my gathering into success.What are my Failings?Organization of larning Kennedy. J ( 2005, p6 ) brought up â€Å" arranging and framing your clasp quickly empowers you to hinder up significant stretches of scholarly study into reasonable and accomplishable points † . Ability Audit discovers I am hebdomad with association of larning. I have n't program for my surveies ; I have n't great sorted out my discussion notes. In some occasion it seriously solid when I am oppressing my assignments, when I am going for my discussions and when I am going up against to test. Time Management Study achievements survey discover I have less capacity to pull off my clasp. It appears I am off from telling my ain clasp, much clasp take to complete endeavors, no clasp to free. I am non using cut even exhibit for my twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours works that makes me issue with my assignments cutoff time. I m non plan my scholarly endeavors. Study executes poll and SWOT shows I did non comprehend request of clasp bearing. Correction and test procedures Abilities Audit recommends I need obtain more understanding about change and test procedures. Modification we requirement for to recoup of import data, hypothesis and procedures that can use for our surveies ( University of Worcester, 2007 ) . This happened I have non use any past test records. It appears I have n't great plans for face examination. For a moment I am powerless arranging cut and get bying with tension in the test room.OpportunitiesIn my applied ascertaining plan I need to increasingly opportunity to follow a few kind of workforce it is passing on me more possibilities. Scholastic conveying This workforce is passing on me grade odds of better my scholastic origin achievements. It is giving stopped distinctive involvement in new composed scholastic endeavors. Especially it guides us to how to use English syntax and jargon appropriately and staying away from literary theft. Scholastic conveying staff is giving right insight for study origin. It makes us much simple when we are making our surveies in different resources. Undertaking heading Venture heading is giving experience discernment to pull off single endeavors. It is provide more possibilities venture guidance strategies and expert issues in industry. Arranging, programming, assessing, risk headings are a large portion of import in this workforce. Subsequently we are using Microsoft Project as a PC based endeavor course apparatus. It is increasingly utile for my other staff for mange the workforce undertaking by using this personnel experience. Item Oriented Modeling and Design In this workforce we are procuring more understanding about Object-arranged builds and an item situated improvement strategy. To make this we are using Unified Modeling Language as a methodological examination. In this personnel we are larning to design the auxiliary and dynamic features of data frameworks using UML. Enterprise and Small Business These resources accommodating to get down our ain worry with no others help. In this personnel we learn requests for startup little concern. It advisers for how to build up compressive concern program to progress. We get another opportunity to obtain concern musings to progress from top concern work powers on the grounds that every single hebdomad diverse concern work powers carry on our seminars.My plans to show signs of improvement of failingI have just recognized what are my qualities and what are my failings. On the off chance that I need an achievement in my overview I need to keep my quality constantly I should hold great program to from my failings. aë†? Plans for association of larning I have distinguished I have n't great plans to be after my surveies. Subsequently I have to well program my surveies in every single workforce we are procuring mentor notes so I have to set up so in to redress request so it. My following recommendation is I need to give pull off my clasp to make my assignments before to cutoff time. Some clasp it will hard me to obtain use it since I am ever occupied with my work. Plans for Time Management In this case I need to be insightful of my clasp in how is needed to use that in legitimate way. I propose I need to do cut even exhibit for my surveies. With the goal that I need to be after and structure my surveies for an outline I can be after my scholarly semester or scholastic twelvemonth. After that I can investigate out my program is working or non modestly. It is a greater amount of import when I am working with cutoff times. I think it is help me to subject my assignments on cut. Plans for Time Revision and test procedures To show signs of improvement of with this bombing I have to peruse more books and I need more example to retain all that I have considered. I propose I can use my free clasp to recoup my surveies. I need to take drumhead and need to painstakingly go through my discussion note after my completion my discussions to secure free of this coming up short. I want to occur out base on balls test records and travel through that before I face to test. Some clasp it is difficult to me occur out test base on balls reports identified with my workforce. Else it will simple for me.Events or individuals may smother your developmentMy assurance shows numerous occasions and individuals restrain my turn of events. Facebook is universe commended cultural systems administration site. I think I am totally worn out my important clasp with Facebook. In Facebook I am bite the destining with my companions, I am watching their updates each clasp and watching others exposures. So it takes over two hours for eve ry twenty-four hours. It is seriously influence me to when I am heading out to my clasp for surveies. Ordinarily it takes at least two hours to fix our repasts that other than cut blowing and it chop down our study cut. In my free clasp and ends of the week I am viewing athleticss occasions or a film or melodic plans on Television. These occasions other than baldly influence to my development.Transportation achievements to for future calling aspirationsWe have two sorts of capacities that are found out capacities and normal capacities. Learned capacities are our achievements and normal capacities are our blessings. Move achievements are the achievements and capacities we have filed during any action in our life ( occupation, classes, endeavors, side interests, athleticss ) . These capacities are a greater amount of import for your future calling. Learned capacities are ability you t

Human Resource Role In Their Field †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Human Resource Role In Their Field Of Work. Answer: Human asset executives assume a key job in their field of work. They need to hold fast to all principles and guidelines in an association, in spite of having all forces t settle on what to do. In spite of the fact that they can carry out things and go to responsibilities at their own without close super vision, they need to think of techniques which manage and administer different workers in the association. The human asset director should consequently do the duty of allocating obligations to the remainder of the representatives. He is likewise liable for guaranteeing a smooth running of work and obligations in a situation. Notwithstanding, being accountable for the representatives and the exercises around the association doesn't imply that the person in question is the top chief. Human asset supervisors are for the most part under an executive, who is the by and large in the association. The human asset administrators are additionally alluded to the CEOs, and can likewise run worldw ide partnerships. As a multination organization CEO, one must anticipate the accompanying skills from the chief. Correspondence is a skill that is normal, and which must happen in an association or partnership. For a business to succeed, great correspondence must happen in that partnership. The CEO goes about as the connection between the remainder of the workers and the executive. The workers pass their perspectives and issues to the CEO, who at that point conveys to the chief concerning the equivalent. The perspectives on the workers are typically significant, since they aid the advancement of a company, by killing the obsolete perspectives, and supplanting them with new ones (Dowling, 2008). The representatives likewise have issues concerning the measure of work contrasted with the value that they get in return. It is extremely unlikely that a representative can gripe of having an excess of pay contrasted with the work done, however the issue will consistently be a low compensation contrasted with much work or expanded obligations. It is along these lines the duty of the CEO, to guarantee th at the requests of the representatives are met in time, consequently tackling an issue and not including different issues. Basic speculation applies in various manners in the field of the board. It just alludes to the capacity of an individual to utilize the intensity of the cerebrum to reason (Harzing Pinnington, 2010). The CEO must be a basic mastermind such that not all issues or issues ought to be taken to the chief. As it were, the CEOs ought to be issue solvers, implying that they ought to be able to understand issues at their own. Minor issues ought to be understood at bunch stages, before arriving at the chief. Great connection is one of the guidelines and guidelines of a company or an association (Hamel, 2008). The relationship of the CEO with the executive and the representatives ought to be vertical and even. Relationship will be like correspondence, since where there is acceptable relationship, acceptable correspondence applies as well. Relating great to the representatives implies than there is a smooth running of work and everything is managed suitably. Great connection ought to in this manner be urged to the last in an association or partnership. References Bite, J., Chan, C. C. (2008). Human asset rehearses, hierarchical duty and expectation to remain. Universal diary of labor, 29(6), 503-522. Dowling, P. (2008). Universal human asset the board: Managing individuals in a worldwide setting. Cengage Learning. Hamel, G. (2008). The fate of the executives. Human Resource Management International Digest, 16(6). Harzing, A. W., Pinnington, A. (Eds.). (2010). Universal human asset the executives. Sage.

Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students

Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students ESL students or academics commonly encounter difficulties with the English language as they adjust to the new culture and way of doing things. Nowhere is this difficulty more experienced than with academic work that requires writing skills. The knowledge of the material might be there, but unless its communicated effectively it will not result in the grade, or merit, it deserves. It takes time to develop language skills, especially if you grew up in another country. And even if you spent a number of years in the English speaking part of the world, there are still certain subtleties in the language which might be elusive to you, and this might hold you back a bit when you have to submit an academic piece of writing. In a situation like this there can be a lot at stake, so naturally you want to find a way to raise the level of your writing. To do this you will need outside help. You need someone who will communicate what you can already communicate in your native language, but in English. At Homework Help Canada we can do this by way of our editing services. You can write your piece in English, as best you can, and then submit it to us, and we will fix it up so that its free of typos and grammatical errors, and clearly communicates what you want. Our experts will work with you to understand what your writing needs are, and then do the writing for you. It will save you lots of time and will be of tremendous value for you. Furthermore, it will provide a good learning opportunity for you, since it will allow you to see how to properly write your topic in English. You will get insight into how to explain those things that you have difficulty with, which will help you with your future writing work. References: Wu, H. P., Garza, E., Guzman, N. (2015). International Students Challenge and Adjustment to College. Education Research International, Volume 2015(Article ID 202753), 1-9. 202753 Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students Overcoming The Language Barrier For ESL Students ESL students or academics commonly encounter difficulties with the English language as they adjust to the new culture and way of doing things. Nowhere is this difficulty more experienced than with academic work that requires writing skills. The knowledge of the material might be there, but unless its communicated effectively it will not result in the grade, or merit, it deserves. It takes time to develop language skills, especially if you grew up in another country. And even if you spent a number of years in the English speaking part of the world, there are still certain subtleties in the language which might be elusive to you, and this might hold you back a bit when you have to submit an academic piece of writing. In a situation like this there can be a lot at stake, so naturally you want to find a way to raise the level of your writing. To do this you will need outside help. You need someone who will communicate what you can already communicate in your native language, but in English. At Homework Help USA we can do this by way of our editing services. You can write your piece in English, as best you can, and then submit it to us, and we will fix it up so that its free of typos and grammatical errors, and clearly communicates what you want. Our experts will work with you to understand what your writing needs are, and then do the writing for you. It will save you lots of time and will be of tremendous value for you. Furthermore, it will provide a good learning opportunity for you, since it will allow you to see how to properly write your topic in English. You will get insight into how to explain those things that you have difficulty with, which will help you with your future writing work. References: Wu, H. P., Garza, E., Guzman, N. (2015). International Students Challenge and Adjustment to College. Education Research International, Volume 2015(Article ID 202753), 1-9. 202753

How to Narrow Down a Research Topic

Nowadays, it is typical to face the situation when students or researchers set off on a particular research topic, just realizing that it is too broad. By the way, lucky people may find out that the chosen topic is too broad before conducting a strong research. On the other hand, they will need to conduct it again, as much of the beginning research would be useless. Actually, people need to know how to narrow down a research topic and do it at the very beginning of their work. However, there are some useful tactics that can help to examine whether the topic is too broad and how to change it. Therefore, it is essential to be aware of how to narrow down a research topic. Characteristics of a Broad Topic Today, choosing too broad topics remains a common problem for students and researchers. By the way, it is easy to determine whether the chosen topic is broad. Literally, broad topics are characterized as: a requirement of a full section of books; can be summed in one word; hard to come up with a thesis. Finally, a good topic should address a specific question so that five books would be enough for studying the problem. On the other hand, a proper topic should consist of more than two words. In addition, a specific topic gives an opportunity to come up with a thesis statement without any additional problems. Tactics of Making the Topic Narrow There are two main tactics of making the topic narrow: who, what, when, where, why, how; brainstorming. In particular, the best way of narrowing the topic is to follow the first tactic. It is based on familiar question words. For instance, â€Å"Dancing† is a broad topic, but â€Å"Contemporary Dancing as Therapy for Students in the USA† is narrower. This specific topic involves answers to questions â€Å"What? Where? Who?†. In particular, â€Å"as a therapy† is the answer to the question â€Å"what?†, â€Å"in the USA† â€Å"where?†, and â€Å"students† â€Å"who?†. Finally, such process is rather interesting in practice and useful in research. Moreover, this part makes a researcher on one step closer to the successful outcome. One more narrowing tactic is known as brainstorming of both questions and also terms related to the topic. This is also a useful way to get a clear focus on the broad topic. In this case, a researcher chooses a broad topic, which consists just of one or two words. Then, it is necessary to make a list of somewhat related to the chosen topic. The next step is to choose a question that will connect two subjects. Actually, a thesis of a research paper will be the answer to that chosen question. For instance, the broad topic is â€Å"healthy behavior† so some related areas may be â€Å"art† or â€Å"juice†. Therefore, the question, which will connect â€Å"healthy behavior† with â€Å"juice†, may look like: â€Å"How healthy is juicing for adults?†. Overall, both tactics can lead to various great research ideas, which did not come to mind before.

The Culture Of Australian Aborigines - 1533 Words

Australian Aborigines â€Å"Are People identical or akin when their activities and productions are alike (Mason 101-117)?† Amongst cultures, which are geographically far away from each other one can find very similar customs, industry, fine art and government or myth. How can it be that two people that have never seen each other have so many things in common? Although every single person may have their own identity, characteristics, interests and loves and fears, they are all still very similar. Instinct sameness is the term for every individual being alike. This can be seen in the human psyche, which is basically the same for every man and woman. Furthermore, every human being craves love and seeks survival. Both, coming of age- and marriage rituals are shared by most cultures. While the rituals vary from culture to culture, coming of age rituals are usually supposed to mark a boy/girl’s entrance into adulthood. Safety is probably the number one affair we deal with and since the coming of age is the time where a boy/girl becomes a lot more independent, we want them to be safe. Not every culture defines a certain age when someone is considered an adult, like in the USA where you are an adult once you are 18 years old. In cultures, where survival is an everyday fight, coming of age rituals are a significant test to tell when a boy/girl is ready to survive on his/her own. While coming of age is essential, the trait of marriage offers a lot more varieties and is handledShow MoreRelatedThe Culture Of Aboriginal Australians1561 Words   |  7 PagesDemolishing the Culture of Aboriginal Australians In Australia before the late eighteenth century, the native Aboriginal people’s unique culture flourished, fostering a great sense of pride within its inhabitants. The Aborigines were able to familiarize themselves with their geographical surroundings, which in turn helped them to obtain food, while simultaneously upholding their many traditional spiritual and ancestral beliefs. Many native songs, dances, and collections of art were referenced byRead MoreThe White Man and the Australian Aborigines618 Words   |  3 PagesThe dominant, non-indigenous culture that has repetitively shouldered its way into control in one region after another around the world is comprised primarily of European white people. Peoples who were derived largely from Anglo-Saxon genetics, peoples who have seemingly refined their lifeways to bear little if any resemblance to the indigenous cultures to which they themselves can ultimately trace their roots. This culture considers its languages, tradition s, religions and everything about themRead MoreThe Aboriginal Protection Act 19091250 Words   |  5 PagesThe Aborigines Protection Act 1909 (NSW) was a law that changed Indigenous Australian lives forever. The act enabled the New South Wales Board for the Protection of Aborigines to essentially control the lives of Aboriginal people. It was the Aborigines Protection Act 1909 (NSW) that had major provisions that resulted in the containment and suffering that Aboriginal people endured. This suffering included the practice of forcible removing Indigenous children from their families. These major provisionsRead MoreThe Australian Aboriginals are the Native People of Australia745 Words   |  3 Pageswhat might have happened in the Australian past? The Australian Aboriginals are natives of Australia and have lived there for many years. The Aborigine people have roamed Australia, the free-flowing land, for years, developing many customs and aspects to an interesting culture: language, body painting, beliefs, laws, music, hunting and art. The Australian Aboriginals are the native people of Australia. They roamed the land for 40,000 years. The Indigenous Aborigines lived as nomads, hunter-gatherersRead MoreAustralian Aborigines And Their Crisis1304 Words   |  6 PagesMadison Lafitte Karol Chandler-Ezell Cultural Anthropology 231.001 11/17/2014 Australian Aborigines and their Crisis Australia’s Aborigines are often hailed as the world’s longest surviving culture, easily dating back 60,000 years, existing long before many ancient societies such as the Greeks and Romans. Since they are such an old culture many people wonder how they were able to remain in existence for so long while of culture perished around them. The answer can be found in their adaptive nature; havingRead MoreWhich Policy Had the Largest Impact on the Indigenous Australians1018 Words   |  5 Pageslargest impact on Indigenous Australians? Through research the Assimilation Policy had the largest impact upon Indigenous Australians and the three supporting arguments to prove this are the Aborigines losing their rights to freedom, Aboriginal children being removed from their families, and finally the loss of aboriginality. The Assimilation was a policy set by the government in 1937 and went to till 1964. This policy of Assimilation was set not just for Aborigines in Australia but for all foreignRead MoreAnthropology : Indigenous People And Tribes Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pagesdepopulation, despite the fact, that in many cases, it is followed by cultural and social disintegration. I will bring up the reasons to why outside contact change tribes, and why these their cultures change over time due to outside contact. So what is Social Anthropology, and how does it relate to Australian Aborigines? Social Anthropology is the comparative study of the ways in which people live in different social and cultural settings across the globe. If we wanted to go even deeper, AnthropologyRead MoreThe Protection Of Aboriginal State Wards1697 Words   |  7 Pagesstill going on. The protection is an Act to provide for the protection and care of aborigines [20th December, 1909.] This was made for all aboriginals but mainly the children as it includes the right of the Protection Board to remove youth from Aboriginal Reserves and had placed them into service like the image above which was taken in a camp. Primary Source that was taken in 1928, Children are removed by the Aborigines Protection Board from the Gully at Katoomba. They’re either transferred to BakersvilleRead MoreAnthropology : Indigenous People And Tribes Essay1244 Words   |  5 Pagesthe fact, that in many cases, it s followed by cultural and social disintegration. I will bring up the reasons to why outside contact changes Indigenous people/tribes, and why these their cultures have changed juristically over time. So what is Social Anthropology, and how does it relate to Australian Aborigines? Social Anthropology is the study of the ways in which people live in different social and cultural settings across the globe. If we wanted to go even deeper, Anthropology itself is the studyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem My Island Home 1009 Words   |  5 Pagesmountain ranges, beaches, and the famous Australian outback. Many Australians greatly embrace the distinct qualities that define Australia. This has led to a large movement of Australian nationalism, where citizens are proud to be a part of the country. These people have often used the arts as an outlet to express the loyalty that they have for their country. As a result, multitudes of art and literature have been created over the years that illustrate Australian pride. â€Å"My Island Home† is a song

My Breaching Social Norm Experiment - 921 Words

For my breaching social norm experiment, I was determined to do something I would never do even if it was a dare, especially since my ability to interact with strangers is not what I consider advanced. So, I decided to make people feel uncomfortable by holding their hand. What I would do is walk up to the person from behind and slowly make my way to their hand to make them feel even more uncomfortable. People normally hold hands with their significant other, or with someone they know, like a friend or family member, so to be holding hands with a stranger is infrequent and abnormal. In preparation for starting our experiment, it took my confidant, Carla, and I about an hour to finally initiate the first move. Before even holding hands with strangers my mind was swirling with multiple questions and thoughts, like â€Å"Why am I even doing this?†, â€Å"I don’t appreciate making people feel uncomfortable.†, â€Å"Why is Mrs.Henry torturing me!†, â€Å"Can I just not do it?†, and so on. In addition to my thoughts and questions, I felt myself sweating and my stomach felt as if it was in a twisted knot. While I approached my first victim I felt the temperature of my body raise up to boiling point and the color of my skin turn from snow white to lava red in a split second. To make things worse, once I held onto the lady s hand, she was gripping onto mine and was holding on tight, and my reaction was to laugh because when you are in an uncomfortable situation you honestly don’t know how toShow MoreRelatedBreaching Experiment935 Words   |  4 PagesBreaching Experiment Name Class Affiliation Instructor Date In social psychology and sociology field, a breaching experiment is one that evaluates the reaction of people to violation of accepted norms. The experiments consist of the exhibition of conscious engender, and social structure analysis that make the social reaction possible. In today’s world, it seems everybody owns a mobile phone, and when people are in public areas, particularly a library, it is a social norm to either put itRead MoreBreaching Reflection Paper1357 Words   |  6 PagesDuring syllabus week, I was immediately interested in the breaching experiment. I have always been interested in the challenging the mundane aspects of our culture and seeing how people react. A breaching experiment is an experiment that is used to observe and record reactions of people in which an individual breaks a social rule or norm. Breaching experiments are important because even if you don’t realize it, following the rules that have been set around us and acting like everyone else shows thatRead MoreThe Importance Of Breaching A Social Norm1075 Words   |  5 PagesBreaching is a type of sociological experiment where a social norm is purposefully broken and the reactions of people unaware of the experiment are noted. It can be used to discover how people react when presented with a situation to which they are not accustomed. Along with that, it is important because some reactions are more or less severe based on their experiences and how developed their generalized other is in regards to the norm being breached. Some things that are considered mores in oneRead MoreSocial Order And Its Effect On Society1386 Words   |  6 PagesEvery day social order is taken for granted. Social order is related to social realities, which are shared expectations about a chain of events, the types of people involved and associated behaviors and feelings (O’Brien, 2011). It is not until someone violates these realities and interactional routines that they recognize the difference and become aware. For this reason, during the 1950s, Harold Garfinkel developed the breaching experiment; a breaching experiment is an activity used in social scienceRead MoreEssay On Social Norm1321 Words   |  6 PagesFor my breaching project, I will be brea king the social norm of wearing shoes. I believe it is a social norm to wear shoes when outside. From my observation, around Bluffton University, it is normal for students and professors to wear some sort of footwear while in the classroom or outside. I realize there is a group of students on campus who already do not wear shoes, so to differentiate myself I will be wearing only socks. I choose this norm project because it was something subtle since I amRead MoreBreaching Social Norm Experiment922 Words   |  4 PagesFor my breaching social norm experiment I was determined to do something I would never do even if it was a dare, especially since my ability to interact with strangers is not the best. So, I decided to make people feel uncomfortable by holding their hand. What I would do is walk up to the person from behind and slowly make my way to their hand to make them feel even more uncomfortable. People normally hold hands with their significant other, or with someone they kno w like a friend or family memberRead MoreTypes Of Norms And Each Type Have Their Own Set Of Rules1860 Words   |  8 Pagesdecided to wear neon colors? Would you not be taken aback if one day, you came home to find your father and his sister interacting with each other sexually? Is this normal? How are social norms defined? Social norms are behaviors that are considered acceptable in a group or society. However, there are many types of norms and each type have their own set of â€Å"rules†. Tacit rules are rules that are generally understood but are not precisely recorded. Tacit rules, if broken can not be punished with legalRead MoreSocial Norms : How People Interact With One Another Essay2032 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Social norms are expectations in regards to human behavior--impacting how we talk, behave, and perceive one another. They act as a mutual understanding of how people should engage with one another with nonverbal and verbal communication. Social norms guide our everyday lives, which can include but not limited to: washing hands after going to the bathroom, shaking hands when we introduce ourselves, and making eye contact when talking to someone.When these social patterns are broken, peopleRead MoreA Experiment On Breaching Experiment2249 Words   |  9 Pages Breaching Experiment The first norm I violated was sitting with my own â€Å"clique† during lunch. This is more than common in high schools and even middle schools. In regards to social control, this norm creates a spot in society for an individual, giving them a sense of belonging. This sense of belonging leads to self-assigned seats and allows people with similar interests or ideals to be better connected. To violate this norm I sat with people who did not know who I am without asking prior toRead MoreCorporate Environmental and Social Management7337 Words   |  30 PagesCORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT Unit 46 Assignment Table of Contents Introduction............................................................................................................................ 2 I. The development of global, European and national policies relating to sustainability. 2 1. Changing attitudes of public, politicians and businesses to the environment since 1945 ..........................................................................................

Thematic Evaluation Of Thematic Development - 1145 Words

THEMATIC PANEL 6 (ACTS 16:6–19:20) EVALUATION OF THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT Student: DeAnna Martin COLUMN 1 PARAGRAPHS COLUMN 2 IMMEDIATE CONTEXT (STORIES OR SPEECHES) COLUMN 3 MAJOR POINTS COLUMN 4 PANEL TITLE AND THEMATIC SUMMARY STATEMENT 16:6–10 Paul got a vision that his assistance was required in Macedonia Paul was directed to Macedonia by the Holy spirit Paul had to go on his second missionary journey The ministry grew and expanded into areas such as Greece whereby he went on his second and third journeys where there was a high population of Jews and gentiles. He faced a high level of hostility from the Jews. 16:11–12 Paul travelled to Macedonia 16:13–15 Lydia got saved Lydia was the first Christian in that region Lydia welcomed Paul†¦show more content†¦to check on its authenticity 17:13–15 Some Jews in Thessalonica heard about Paul’s preaching The Jews felt agitated and wanted to stir up the people in Berea to be unreceptive to the teachings. Paul was sent to the coast while Timothy and Silas were left in Berea 17:16–21 Paul tried to reason with the people of Athens The people were taking part in idolatry Epicurean and Stoic philosophers listened to Paul as they tried to argue out their different views 17:22–23 Paul challenged the people of Athens because of worshipping gods of idols Some inscriptions were made to unknown gods to show that they were not aware of the existing goods Paul tried to reason with the people using words from the scripture 17:24–28 Paul proclaimed the superiority that God held and did not require worshipping as was accorded to the idols Paul declared the omnipresence of God People only need to reach out to God through praying and living according to his will 17:29–31 God made man in his image People should know that God’s image is like that of human beings and not idols Individuals shouldShow MoreRelatedThematic Apperception Test Personality Assessment1715 Words   |  7 PagesThematic Apperception Test for Personality Assessment Karen Y. Long Park University Test and Measurement September 2010 Abstract The history of the Thematic Apperception Test is controversial. This test was published in 1943 and is still widely used today. Being able to look at a photo card as a stimulus for storytelling was a breakthrough for personality testing. This test has its share of controversy as far as reliability, validity and cultural implications. Key words; thematic, validityRead MoreThe Tat: the Thematic Apperception Test Essay1506 Words   |  7 PagesThe TAT: The Thematic Apperception Test Suzette Lamb Argosy University The TAT test was developed in the 1930s by psychologists Henry A. Murray, Christiana D. Morgan and other colleagues at the Harvard Psychological Clinic. The TAT Test or Thematic Apperception Test is a projective psychological test used to explore the unconscious of an individual in order to reveal the underlying parts of personality, internal conflicts, motives and interests. It has been one of the most widely usedRead MoreThe, The And, And The New York Times And Tehran1515 Words   |  7 Pagespremise is that sentences consist of themes, which present known, context-dependent information, and rhemes, which present new, context-independent information. Because they represent new information, it is rhemes rather than themes which push text development forward. According to Halliday (2004), theme is the element which serves as the point of departure of the message. When theme is conflated with the subject, it is called unmarked theme, and when a theme is something other than the subjectRead MoreShame Is A Powerful Emotion Which Has Great Influence On Social Behavior1504 Words   |  7 Pageswhich is damaged by experiencing shame on a long term (Tangney, Burggraf Wagner, 1995). This particular feeling might trigger violent outbreak or complete withdrawal or cause anger as a defensive reaction, which aims to neutralise the negative evaluation (Weiner, Tennen Suls, 2012; Baumeister, Smart Boden 1996). Relating shame to social conflict theories, Scheff (1999) hypothesized if the shame is recognised, a bond of cohesion and trust can be formed, although shame is frequently unacknowledgedRead More14 Best Reading Practices956 Words   |  4 Pagesawareness, phonics, word recognition, structural analysis, context clues, vocabulary).       Best Practice 2: Assessment to Inform Instruction Teachers routinely monitor and assess the reading levels and progress of individual students. This ongoing evaluation directs and informs instruction.       Best Practice 3: Instructional Planning Teachers plan instruction considering three phases: before, during and after reading.       Best Practice 4: Collaboration and Reflection Teachers routinely self-reflectRead MoreReport of Seasonal Goods1608 Words   |  7 PagesDefinitions of Document Types CAE: A Country Assistance Evaluation examines Bank performance in a particular country, usually over the past four to five years, and reports on its conformity with the relevant Bank Country Assistance Strategy (CAS) and on the overall effectiveness of the specific CAS. CAS: A Country Assistance Strategy Document is the central tool of World Bank Management and the Board of Executive Directors for reviewing and guiding the World Bank Groups country programs andRead Morethe importance of diversity in counselling contexts13352 Words   |  54 PagesBraun, V. and Clarke, V. (2006) Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3 (2). pp. 77-101. ISSN 1478-0887 We recommend you cite the published version. The publisher’s URL is http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa Refereed: Yes This is an electronic version of an article published in †Braun, Virginia and Clarke, Victoria (2006) Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3 (2). pp. 77?101†. Qualitative Research in PsychologyRead MoreThe Government s Strategic Options For Agriculture1072 Words   |  5 PagesEgypt is classified as a low-income, food-deficit country (LIFDC). In 1999 the country imported 7.9 million tons of grains or 50 percent of its needs. The Government’s strategic options for agriculture (up to 2017) include the following thematic elements: a) Achieve higher growth rate of 4.1 percent in the agricultural sector through vertical and horizontal expansion. b) Promote more efficient use of land and water, enhance agricultural research and extension, expand credit, and improve marketingRead MoreGender Stereotypes In Disney1523 Words   |  7 Pagesand gendered behaviors when acting like a princess. Thematic analyses revealed four common themes that appeared in princess play: beauty, focus on clothing and accessories, princess body movements, and the exclusion of boys. The social cognitive theory has eminence in recent research on gendered stereotypes and the mass media and specifies pretend play, mass media, and gender-typed play materials as an important contribution to gender development. Due to a past study done, Baker-Sperry 2007, GoldenRead MoreObservational Ratings Of Therapist Interventions1268 Words   |  6 Pagesphenomenon and must be viewed through a developmental, ecological and systems lens. Biological, social, cognitive, personality, interpersonal, transactional, familial, cultural, developmental and social ecological aspects can all contribute to the development, persistence, worsening and chronicity of drug problems. Thus, adolescent drug-use must be understood from developmental and ecological perspectives in which practitioners must think in terms of the interaction among multiple systems and levels

The Reggio Emilia Approach Essay - 1381 Words

The Reggio Emilia Approach Hailed by Newsweek (1991) magazine as the international role model for preschools, the Reggio Emilia approach has caught the attention of early childhood educators. In 1999, current Secretary of Education, Richard W. Riley visited the schools in Reggio Emilia to better understand its benefits (Dunne, 2000). It’s principals are understood by only a few, however, and has limited following with approximately 1200 Reggio inspired preschools in operation, most of them private (Sipprelle, 2009), making the innovative ideas offered by this approach available to only a few. Why have so few schools emulated those so successful in Reggio Emilia, Italy? Is Reggio Emilia applicable in the American classroom? A look†¦show more content†¦The land was donated and so was the labor. Many of the materials were recycled from the ruins created by the war (Source, 0000). While there is no fixed curriculum or one specific model to emulate, the Reggio Emilia approach does have some essential components, some fundamental ideas about how children learn most effectively. The utmost is the idea that the young child is inherently competent not only as a learner but as an initiator. The child has preferences and opinions that have value and should be listened to with respect and care, knowing that they have much to offer their classroom community and community at large. This pedagogy plays a large role in shaping the Reggio classroom. It allows the children to pursue projects which are interesting and meaningful and then allowing adequate time to follow those projects with passion. The Reggio Emilia approach is an emergent curriculum because it is developed and shaped by the interests of the child, through negotiations between the child, parents and teachers. This is done in a Reggio classroom by in large and small group projects in which the children engage. The projects involve planning, hands-on activities, research, and representation through a variety of visual media. The observant teacher collects documentation which is a vital component of the Reggio philosophy in the form of written anecdotes, samples of childrens work, photographs and videos. This information is used to reflect on theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Reggio Emilia Approach To Education And The Shades Of Pink1034 Words   |  5 Pagesto scholastic, â€Å"Color and shape are ways children observe and categorize what they see. These very recognizable characteristics encourage children to define and organize the diverse world around them.† (church). This article is about the Reg gio Emilia approach to education and the Shades of Pink study. The shades of Pink study describes how six preschoolers and their teacher engaged in a collaborative learning project through which they learned about the shades of a color--in this case, pink. UnderstandingRead MoreImplementing The Reggio Emilia Approach For Low Income Pre Kindergarten Students1283 Words   |  6 Pagesthe idea of implementing The Reggio Emilia Approach for low-income pre-kindergarten students to increase literacy and language acquisition, attempting to close the academic achievement socioeconomic status gap. The Reggio Emilia Approach was founded by Loris Malaguzzi in Reggio Emilia, Italy in the 1960s. An Educational Psychologist, Malaguzzi created an approach to education that put the child at the center of it all (Reggio Emilia Approach). The Reggio Emilia Approach considers the child to haveRead MoreCritical Pedagogy And The Reggio Emilia1533 Words   |  7 PagesCritical pedagogy and The Reggio Emilia approach on play based learning should be merged into early childhood education as obtaining the skills to critically analyze and problem solve has the potential to change society and thus the potential to change the world. It is important individuals become aware of what critical pedagogy is. Critical pedagogy stems from the idea that there is an unequal social structure in our society which is based upon class, race and gender. It has been formulated andRead MoreCurriculum Approaches2578 Words   |  11 PagesMontessori and Reggio Emilia are progressive approaches to early childhood education that appear to be growing in New Zealand and have many points in common. In each approach, children are viewed as active authors of their own development, strongly influenced by natural, dynamic, self-righting forces within themselves, opening the way towards growth and learning. Teachers depend on carefully prepared, aesthetically pleasing environments that serve as a pedagogical tool and provide strong messagesRead MoreA Critique - Reggio Emilia Approach a Educational Philosophy1120 Words   |  5 PagesREGGIO EMILIA APPROACH A EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY I fully support the Reggio Emilia Approach model which was found by Loris Malaguzzi. This model became associated with mainstream educational practices in 1945 when the first parent-run preschool of the common people opened in Reggio Emilia, Italy. The Reggio Emilia Approach is an educational philosophy focused on preschool and primary education. The destruction from the war, parents believed, necessitated a new, quick approach to teachingRead MoreEvaluation Of Teaching : Three Preschool Programs993 Words   |  4 Pagesschools have multi-aged classes that have self-correcting materials that the children use. The children are allowed to make use of any of the equipment in the classroom after they have been given a silent demonstration by the teacher. The High/Scope, Approach founded in 1970 by the work that Dave Weikart and Connie Kamii did on the Parry Preschool Project. These early educators thought that early education could prevent school failure in high school. They believed that children learn by mentally and physicallyRead More`` Beautiful Stuff ! By Cathy Weisman Topal And Lella Gandini Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesThrough this approach students acquire a deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world challenges and problems. Beautiful Stuff! is a book written by Cathy Weisman Topal and Lella Gandini that shares the journey of real teachers in a real school who were inspired by educators from Reggio Emilia, Italy. Cathy Topal spent two mornings a week in the preschool and kindergarten as a visual aid teacher. Lella Gandini consulted with teachers about aspects of the Reggio Emilia approach. The teachersRead MoreSimilarities and Differences between Reggio Emilia and High Scope1681 Words   |  7 PagesTwo cu rriculums that are used are High Scope and Reggio Emilia. Both of these curriculums have unique aspects that make up their curriculums. In addition, High Scope and Reggio Emilia have similarities and differences. In Ypsilanti, Michigan Dr. David P. Weikard created High Scope in 1970. High Scope does research in a variety of areas. However, they are best known for their research in preschool education and their preschool curriculum approach. High Scope preschool curriculum is used throughoutRead MoreI Am Attending Duke Street Daycare1193 Words   |  5 Pagestotal of six staff members. I have attached the center’s guidance policy and daily schedule. I am working with the 3-4’s and the schedule attached is strictly followed which is interesting to me, because the center says they believe in the Reggio Emilia approach. The center enforces guidance with positive reminders than negatively, the staff evidently practiced this. All the teachers speak to the children with kind voices yet use different strategies of guidance rather than yelling or saying no. ForRead MoreMy Role As An Educator1014 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout this term, we have learned various models of teaching s uch as: Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Waldorf, Forest, HighScope and Head Start. My role as an educator is to implement a variety of learning strategies taught to me. As I learned about each models of teaching, I still hold my bias towards the Reggio Emilia Approach, but I also like some aspect of the HighScope curriculum. In my personal philosophy, I will talk about what I believe to be an â€Å"image of a child† and role of an educator.

Export Strategy Information Document Free Essays

The aim of this assignment is to demonstrate knowledge of the information and data needed to formulate an export strategy. This will be achieved by way of addressing the following: 1. What is meant by the ‘business and market environment’ of a target market? What kind of information would an exporter need to collect? 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Export Strategy Information Document or any similar topic only for you Order Now What is meant by the concepts ‘market segmentation’ and distribution channels’? What kind of information would an exporter need to collect? 3. What are the financial issues, export practicalities and technicalities that an exporter would need to know about to in the context of developing an export strategy? Business and market environment of a target market Exporting is a more difficult business task than importing (Weiss 2008). It is a challenge exacerbated by the global economic recession, remarkable growth and emerging economic might of China and India and the increasing pace of globalisation (Albaum and Duerr 2011). Although technological advances such as the Internet have made it possible for even the smallest businesses to sell their products and services around the world with relative ease (Albaum and Duerr 2011), there is still a need for a clearly thought out export strategy. A nucleus of business activity, this master plan is like a satellite navigation system stating the destination of the business and the route it should take to get there. Weiss (2008) believes exporters need to know as much about target export markets as possible before any business transaction takes place. This information, he argues, should be based on a critical evaluation of the target market and tailored to the relevant product to be exported as part of a ‘market-entry plan including an initial marketing mix’ (Weiss 2008, p101). What he is referring to is essentially a blueprint of the business and market environment of the target market. The importance of understanding the business and market environment of the target market, namely, the political, ‘legal, regulatory, financial and institutional systems’ are critical factors in determining success in the export sector (Commander and Svejnar 2011, p309). This can give crucial insights into the levels of corruption, number of regulations, taxation laws, business licensing and macroeconomic policies (Commander and Svejnar 2011). Although target market studies tend to be product dependent, knowledge of local customers’ culture, hopes, language, predilection, buying capability, and the country’s international standards, state of development, infrastructure, transportation and environmental concerns are important considerations when formulating an export strategy. Furthermore, Commander and Svejnar (2011) stress the significance of indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), human capital and social factors such as health care expenditure and tertiary school enrolment. The inference here is that a more highly educated workforce may perform better and reduced costs of any necessary training and healthier workers may take less sick leave. In ensuring that a full picture of the target market is obtained, Cadogan et al. (2012) argue that attention should be paid to data other than from the target market and there needs to be more flexibility in export market oriented behaviour. Kalafsky (2009) believes personal relationships can prove influential in some target markets. For example, ‘face-to-face contact is important in the Chinese market’ (Kalafsky 2009, p47). In an adaptation of Porter’s (1979) Five Forces framework, it could be argued that exporters should take into account rivalry among competitors, threat of potential entry into target market, bargaining power of supplier, negotiating capability of buyers and threats of substitutes. Notwithstanding this, factors such as tariffs and non-tariff regulations, quotas, maturity of market, its structure and rival products are also of significance. In this way a heterogeneous range of perspectives of the business and market environment would give impetus to the export strategy. Market segmentation Market segmentation is where companies establish ‘segments of demand’, ‘target specific segments’ and ‘develop specific marketing ‘mixes’ for each targeted market segment’ (Hunt and Arnett 2004, p7). According to McDonald and Dunbar (2010, p9) it is an ‘alternative to product differentiation’ – the ‘process of splitting customers, or potential customers, in a market into different groups, or segments’. A crucial factor in McDonald and Dunbar’s (2010) definition is the emphasis on customers, who they are argue, are no longer content to play a secondary role, but are more market savvy and experienced enough to specify exactly what they require. Part of the reason for segmentation is that it can be used to divide large markets creating sectors that cater for geographic such as climate, area and location; demographic and socioeconomic like income, education, job, age, gender; family dimensions and house occupier status; behaviour relating to brand loyalty and psychographic in terms of attitude, lifestyle choices and values. Segmenting in such a way can ensure accurate and precise product and service placing. An important dimension of an export market strategy is to determine the segment of the market the company wishes to target. In this way a company will ascertain the potential buyers of its products in the target market, reasons for buying, situatedness of customers and any salient features. Bloom (2005) has argued that ineffective segmentation may lead to strategic marketing opportunities being overlooked and a firm not benefiting from a tactical campaign. Factors such as the proportion of the segment and its profitability are, therefore, crucial features of a marketing plan. Distribution channels How to operate distribution channels is of critical significance to the success or failure of an export business (Madsen, Moen and Hammervold 2012). This means making important judgements in utilising options such as the choice of foreign export firm to assume responsibility for the operation abroad. The locally recruited company would be charged with unearthing sales outlets, establishing its own export management, trading by way of local representatives, locating and using storage facilities and handle as decisions and setting up its own sales branch. The level of responsibility assigned to a distributor or agent is dependent on the number of product rights an exporter holds (Madsen, Moen and Hammervold 2012). This may include marketing roles like pricing and delivery strategies, communication and locating customers. However, it is worth noting that overburdening a distributor with too many tasks could make them less effective. Such is the significant role of the distributor that it is essential that good relations are maintained (Zhang, Cavusgil and Roath 2003). ‘Relationships between exporting firms and other members of the international distribution channel can significantly impede or enhance performance in export markets’ ( Matear, Gray, Irving 2000, p539). With the likelihood of long distances between exporter and their distribution channel trust between parties will be a central feature of this relationship. Financial issues Financial assistance for exporters and investors may be obtained through government schemes, credit export agencies or other financial institutions. According to UK Trade and Investments (2013), such assistance may be available through insurance policies and guarantees on bank loans. This could also be in the form of bond support, overseas investment insurance, credit insurance and loan guarantees (UK Trade and Investment 2013). Notwithstanding this, due to high default risk and the required level of working capital associated with international trade export, businesses are more sensitive to financial shocks (Amiti and Weinstein 2011). Furthermore, exporters have a greater need for working-capital than those of domestic operating businesses, because of the longer time constraint experienced in international trade, especially when using the sea as the mode of transport (Amiti and Weinstein 2011). The global economic downturn since 2008 has led to export finance being a main casualty of the European Bank retrenchment and having a high dependency on large amounts for long periods has led to limited financial institutions being able to offer monetary assistance (O’Connell 2012). This undoubtedly have had a significant impact on international business operations, limiting trade opportunities and progression. To increase a business’ prospect for successful exporting a systematic approach should be employed (Cavusgil, Knight and Riesenberger 2008). The assessment of the potential markets (global market opportunity), organising for export, acquiring the necessary skills and competences and executing export strategies are of significant importance (Cavusgil, Knight and Riesenberger 2008). Export practicalities and technicalities A precise understanding of the practicalities for exporting is vital. When exporting within the European Union (EU), for example, these include commercial documents, duties, charging and accounting for VAT, responsibility for trade statistics, sales list and intrastat (Enterprise Europe Network 2013). Even though there may be a slight differentiation when exporting outside the EU, there are necessary considerations such as new export system this permits exporters to make electronic declaration. Export licences is also vital. Johnson and Turner (2010) assert licensing reduces restrictions from the host countries regarding entering foreign markets. Further assistance and information on the practices and technicalities involved in exporting may be obtained from the market access database and International Commerce Terms (Incoterms) (Enterprise Enterprise Network, 2013). How to cite Export Strategy Information Document, Papers

Nursing Implications of Using Double Gloves During the Surgery

Question: Discuss about theNursing Implications of Using Double Gloves During the Surgery. Answer: Introduction Health workers experience to high risks in their work, especially in the operating room. Deadly viruses are prevalent. Thus the nurses should be adequately protected from them. Gloves safeguard their body from coming into contact with the victim's blood and fluid, and this minimizes their chances of infection. However, gloves can't withstand the long periods of operation due to tear and wear. Additionally, surgical teams do not change gloves during surgical operations. During this time the risk of contamination is high, and they need to use double gloves to reduce perforation and enhance protection from this blood bore pathogens (Partecke et al. 2009). According to Korniewicz El-Masri, (2012), they noted that double gloving was essential in reducing the number of surgical cross?infection. Health workers in their daily work experience to many risks of getting into contact with pathogens. Operation room must have high standards of cleanliness and the gloves to be used by the experts must be sterilized. These acts ensure no infection of the patients from the surgical team and also the team from the patients. Close contact with the blood increase the chances of infection. Double gloving have mainly two merits according to them. Firstly, it protects the workers from contamination by minimizing the contact with the victim's blood and fluids. Secondly, double gloving reduces the number of holes made to the innermost gloves. The holes may act as a passage for the pathogens to the worker's body. The inner glove is the barrier and protector of the worker. Although the study they conducted did not suggest that lack of double gloving caused c ontamination, the results indicated some possibility due to the perforations of the outer glove. Surgical wound contact with the surgical team member may result from infection from the microorganisms. The intact gloves are very useful ha they prevent this. Comparison between the use of single gloves and the use of single gloves by Laurikainen, Rintala, Kaarto Routamaa, (2016) shows the puncture rates of the gloves and the rates which the puncture of gloves was unnoticed during the operations periods. The study indicated that the holes in the single gloves were many than the double gloves used by the surgical team. The puncture in most cases went on unnoticed, and this is a significant exposure to danger to both the workers and the patients. In orthopedic and trauma surgery the surgeons using single gloves are in 13 times risk of blood infection than those using double gloving. The holes made to the inner gloves are also very few in double gloving. It is, therefore, important to use double gloving for ultimate protection (Uckay, Hoffmeyer, Lew Pittet,2013). According to Misteli et al. (2009), the surgical site infection increases when holes made in the gloves during the surgical operation. The surgical infection rate was 4.5%, and this showed that punctured gloves were hazardous. However, applying antibiotics to the gloves, the rate of infection was significantly low than without antimicrobial prophylaxis. These were the visible indication that absence antimicrobial prophylaxis the glove perforation increased the surgical site infection. Health workers have the duty to ensure that all people live the healthy life free from disease and suffering. From the above case studies, it is clear that health workers are exposed to infections as they carry out their daily activities of ensuring healthy living conditions. They are exposed to blood from the patients, and in the event, it is infected they may end up being infected with diseases. Not only workers are the risks of infections but also surgical wounds of patients may be infected in case of contact with the dirty environment and germs in the patient's bodies. It is ethical to ensure clean operations rooms for the safety of all the people. Gloves protect contamination but due to long hours in the surgery rooms by surgical teams they may end up having holes due to friction during work. This holes may cause infection, and therefore the workers should use two or more gloves to reduce contaminations in a case of puncture of the outer glove. Currently, diseases have emerged which are very dangerous and other with no cure like Ebola and HIV/AIDS respectively. These diseases claim many lives and their treatment are very costly to the people. The workers work in conditions where they are exposed to blood hence the high danger of contamination. Hospitals and health centers should ensure the protection of their works from infections. Surgical teams should use two, three or more gloves during the surgical operation instead of one glove. Double gloving reduces contact of the body of workers with the patients' blood and fluids during operations (Childs,2013). Surgical workers argue that double gloving has many disadvantages. Some argue that gloves make them feel uncomfortable when working. Majorly the reason behind the surgical team not using double gloving is based on lack of information and misconceptions. It is, therefore, crucial for the government and the health stakeholders to educate the health workers the benefits of double gloving in infection reduction. Using more gloves does not cost the workers anything, and therefore they should consider it. In the case of infections due to negligence and ignorance, the individuals will incur more expenses and may also die if infected by incurable diseases like HIV/AIDS. These can lead to emotional stress and poverty to the relatives. As they ensure healthy lives of also people, they should also monitor they lives to ensure continued service to the community (Papageorgiou,2015). In conclusion, double gloving reduces chances of infection compared to in cases of intraoperative glove perforation and needle stick injuries. Infection of the health workers is an occupational danger and therefore the staff should use double gloving to reduce any chances of infection. In summary, there is a lot of literature evidence that should double gloving reduces disease, and therefore the surgical team should use it. Prevention is better than cure and therefore all the people should campaign for double gloving. In the case of any accidents, quick actions should be taken to ensure good health of the health professionals. Care and attention should be made in all surgical operations. References Alexander, J. W., Solomkin, J. S., Edwards, M. J. (2011). Updated recommendations for control of surgical site infections.Annals of surgery,253(6), 1082-1093. Childs, T. (2013). Use of double gloving to reduce surgical personnels risk of exposure to blood borne pathogens: An integrative review.AORN journal,98(6), 585-596. Korniewicz, D., El-Masri, M. (2012). Exploring the benefits of double gloving during surgery.AORN journal,95(3), 328-336. Laurikainen, E., Rintala, E., Kaarto, A. M., Routamaa, M. (2016). Adherence to surgical hand rubbing directives in a hospital district of Southwest Finland*.Infectious Diseases,48(2), 116-121. Misteli, H., Weber, W. P., Reck, S., Rosenthal, R., Zwahlen, M., Fueglistaler, P., ... Marti, W. R. (2009). Surgical glove perforation and the risk of surgical site infection. Archives of Surgery, 144(6), 553-558. Papageorgiou, M. (2015). Double gloving in the operating theater: The benefits and the potential drawbacks. Australian Medical Student Journal, 6(2). Partecke, L. I., Goerdt, A. M., Langner, I., Jaeger, B., Assadian, O., Heidecke, C. D., ... Huebner, N. O. (2009). The incidence of micro perforation for surgical gloves depends on the duration of wear. Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology, 30(05), 409-414. Partecke, L. I., Goerdt, A. M., Langner, I., Jaeger, B., Assadian, O., Heidecke, C. D., ... Huebner, N. O. (2009). Incidence of micro perforation for surgical gloves depends on duration of wear.Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology,30(05), 409-414. Uckay, I., Hoffmeyer, P., Lew, D., Pittet, D. (2013). Prevention of surgical site infections in orthopedic surgery and bone trauma: state-of-the-art update.Journal of Hospital Infection,84(1), 5-12.

Sprite charts Essay Example For Students

Sprite charts Essay A belief in the concept of prophets, or chosen guides who are contacted why God and given a mission to teach and/or lead. A belief in a last day for the earth, when it will all end and then all souls will be brought back to God for a review of their record to beliefs and actions. A belief in the foreknowledge to God regarding the future, A belief in a next life. The soul will live on after judgment day and exist in either Paradise or Hellfire Some souls, whose sins are minor, will be allowed to leave Hellfire and enter Paradise after their punishment has been served. A newly converted Muslim is called a Mullah. There are five pillars, or foundations, of Islam but the primary, and most important is to believe that there is only one God and creator, referred to as Allah (the word for the name Of God in Arabic) and that the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, is His last and final messenger. A person is considered to have converted to Islam from the moment he or she sincerely makes this declaration faith, called the shaded. Salvation in Islam refers to the eventual entrance to heaven. The word does not cover the possible entry to hellfire, or the different levels of hellfire and heaven. Islam teaches that people who die disbelieving in the God do not receive salvation. It also teaches that non-Muslims who die believing in the God but disbelieving in his message Islam), are left to His will. Those who die believing in the One God and his message Islam receive salvation. Narrated Nanas that Muhammad said, Whoever said None has the right to be worshipped but Allah and has in his heart good (faith) equal to the weight of a barley grain will be taken out of Hell, And whoever said, None has the right to be worshipped but Allah and has in his heart good (faith) equal to the weight of a wheat grain will be taken out of Hell. And whoever (faith) equal to the weight of an atom will be taken out of Hell.

SNC2D - Grade 10 Science Essays - Biology, Anatomy, Cell Biology

SNC2D - Grade 10 Science Unit Test Review Key Cells, Tissues and Living Systems Plant and Animal Cells, Cell Theory, Cell Structure (p. 29, 30-32) The cell theory states that: Every living organism is made of one or more cells. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function. It is the smallest unit that can perform life functions. All cells arise from pre-existing cells. 2. How are prokaryotic cells different from eukaryotic cells? Give one example of each. Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and do not have membrane-bound organelles. Example of a prokaryote: bacteriaExample of a eukaryote: plant or animal cell 46990096520 7. endoplasmic reticulum 2.Golgi body cytoplasm 3.mitochondria00 7. endoplasmic reticulum 2.Golgi body cytoplasm 3.mitochondriaLabel the parts of the animal cell. 41275016891000 3886200127635 4. vacuole/lysosome00 4. vacuole/lysosome -15240095250 8.(dots) ribosome00 8.(dots) ribosome 3962400-1905 5. nucleus00 5. nucleus 388620043815 6.nuclear membrane00 6.nuclear membrane Referring to question 3, list the numbered parts of the animal cell and fill in their respective functions in the table below: Cell Structure Function 1. Cytoplasm consists of organelles, molecules, ions and water 2. Golgi body involved with packaging and secretion of proteins 3. Mitochondrion Site where energy for the cell is produced It is also referred to as the "power house" of the cell 3. Lysosomes /vacuoles contain digestive chemicals called enzymes may contain cell debris or chemicals 5. Nucleus the control centre of the cell; contains the genetic material (DNA) of the cell Nuclear membrane Regulates movement of substances into and out of the nucleus 7. E ndoplasmic reticulum Network for the transport of substances throughout the cell 8. Ribosomes involved with making proteins -36893553975 1. chloroplast 3. vacuole 00 1. chloroplast 3. vacuole Label the numbered parts of the plant cell. -69215178435 2. cell wall00 2. cell wall By referring to question 5, list the numbered parts of the plant cell and fill in their respective functions in the table below: Cell Structure Function chloroplast Where photosynthesis happens cell wall Provides rigidity to the plant vacuole keeps the cells plump which keeps the plant's stems and leaves firm. 8. Name three differences between plant and animal cells. Plant cells have (1) a cell wall, (2) chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and (3) 1 large vacuole(animal cells have multiple, smaller, vacuoles) Cell Division, Cell Cycle (pp. 36-37, 40-43) 396240043180001. Refer to the diagrams below for question 3. 2286006477000 2514600132715 C00 C 22098004000500 426720015240 D00 D 30480083185 A00 A 45720003683000 -15240010477500 24384005842000 3886200101600 E00 E 99060055245 B00 B 5105400123190 F00 F Which of the following diagrams (A-F) shows: 1447800112395 F00 F09906000 137160010160 A00 A 137160078105 D00 D 1371600155575 C00 C 13716006985 B00 B 140017584455 E00 E 2. Why don't cells grow indefinitely? Cells are limited in size because the outside (the cell membrane) must transport the food and oxygen to the parts inside. As a cell gets bigger, the outside is unable to keep up with the inside, and the cell membrane cannot supply the inside with what it needs to survive. Diffusion of nutrients throughout the cell also takes longer. What are 3 purposes of cell division? Growth (2) Reproduction (3) Repair What purpose does mitosis serve in the cell cycle? Equal distribution of genetic material between the two daughter cells Equal distribution of the cytoplasm and organelles between the two daughter cells (cytokinesis) Compare contrast diffusion and osmosis. Diffusion - movement of the solute from an area of high solute concentration to low concentration Osmosis - movement of water towards an area of high solute concentration Compare - both water and the solute move from areas of high concentration (water or solute) to low concentration Cancer (pp. 48-55) Define metastasis. When some of the cancerous cells break off from the primary tumour , spread through the blood and lymph and establish a secondary tumour in a new location. Describe the steps for a secondary tumour formation. Step 1: The primary tumour develops as a group of cells that are undergoing uncontrolled cell division Step 2: As the tumour gets bigger, it stimulates blood vessels to form and supply it with nutrients. Step 3: Tumour cells enter blood vessels and lymph vessels. This is dangerous because the tumour cells can move to other parts of body (metastasis). Step 4: Primary cells which arrive at new area of the body form secondary tumour s , which may eventually be fatal to the organism. How does a doctor diagnose cancer once he or she has located a tumour ? Biopsy (tissue sample) What are some reasons why cancer might recur after it has been successfully removed from a person? After surgery, a vast amount of the primary tumour is removed . H owever,

Sex Education in schools essays

Sex Education in schools essays The good news is that the teen pregnancy rate in the U.S. is the lowest its been since the early 70's, primarily due to teens increased and improved use of birth control. The bad news is that one million U.S. teens still get pregnant each year, and 78 percent of those pregnancies are unintended. The fact is that most young people in the United States begin having sex in their teens and they need honest and straightforward information about sex in order to protect themselves from unintended pregnancy. Obvious, right? Well apparently not to President Bush, who asked Congress for a 33% increase in funding for abstinence-only sex education, which would forbid teachers to talk about how contraception works or where to get it. Abstinence-only programs keep teens in the dark about sex; they have not been proven to delay or reduce sexual activity; and they fail to provide accurate information about preventing pregnancy and disease. Comprehensive sexuality education, on the other hand, teaches that sexuality is healthy, normal part of human being. It teaches students about the advantages of abstinence, while also giving them the realistic information they need about the prevention of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Studies show that balanced programs that promote both abstinence and safer sex are most effective and allow young people to make responsible choices. In California, teen birth rate has dropped more than 40 percent over the last decade. The credit goes to a state-sponsored program that provides information on sexual abstinence and birth control. Teen birth rate has fallen from 11th nationwide in 1991 to 21st in 2002, according to the California Wellness Foundation. California is the only state that refuses to accept federal sex-education money, which requires public schools to teach only sexual abstinence and avoid providing information on contraception ...

Outlawing the Ownership of Handguns Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Outlawing the Ownership of Handguns - Essay Example For Americans, any firearm represents equality and individualism. The Second Amendment to the US Constitution provides that ‘A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed’ (Rights of the People). All fifty of the United States have laws recognizing the right to bear arms as contained in the Second Amendment to the US Constitution. By virtue of the Second Amendment and the Constitutions of at least 44 US states recognize ‘the right to use arms for defense’ (The War Against Handguns). Moreover, a survey conducted by Lawrence Research in 1998 reveals that ‘by an 8:1 margin, Americans believe you have the right to use a handgun to defend yourself in your own home. By a 3:1 margin, people believe that to fight crime, getting tough with criminals is more effective than banning guns’. This trend and ideology within the American legal culture to recognize a right to armed self-defense has been criticized for many reasons. The most obvious relates to the incidents of handgun related crimes and the potential for accidental death and serious injury Professor Friedland of the University of Toronto does not feel that the protection of life, liberty or property is sufficient to justify possession of a handgun or any type of firearm. He maintains that ‘Citizens should rely on the police, security guards, and alarm systems for protection.’

Businesses and International Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Businesses and International Strategy - Essay Example This has made it necessary to conduct research across boundaries as it helps to identify regional and global market segments. As firms need to collect information from a broader and more diverse range of markets conducting research in developing countries has become essential. However, conducting market research in developed countries poses certain challenges. These challenges range from collecting accurate and updated data on existing behavior patterns in a cost-effective manner. Collection of data has become easier due to technological advancement but also complex at the same time. The communications infrastructure enables data collection on a much broader and diverse scale. The removal of barriers between countries, the growth of regional and global market infrastructure and the increased mobility of consumers have exerted pressure to have an integrated international marketing strategy. The emerging economies are promising in terms of sales and expansion of the multinationals and hence conducting international market research in these countries is of paramount importance. Before entering these markets, firms have to collect information to assess potential opportunities and determine how to position, price, promote and place their product. International Marketing Research (IMR) has been defined as market research conducted either simultaneously or sequentially to facilitate marketing decisions in more than one country (Kumar, 2000). The process entails taking into account various market characteristics for facilitating marketing decisions. The various components that are responsible for marketing the product can be traced. Marketing research is an important part of the marketing intelligence system as it helps to improve management decision making by providing relevant, accurate and timely (RAT) information (Aaker, Kumar & Day, 2001).

Impact of Branding on Social Class

Impact of Branding on Social Class BRANDING AND ITS IMPACT ON MIDDLE CLASS Introduction 1.1 BRAND What is a brand? The Oxford American Dictionary (1980) contains the following definition: Brand (noun): a trade mark, goods of a particular make: a mark of identification made with a hot iron, the iron used for this: a piece of burning or charred wood, (verb): to mark with a hot iron, or to label with a trade mark. A short history of brand The word ‘brand’ comes from the Old Norse ‘brandr’, meaning to burn. In pre-historic times when the initial phases of trade was coming to existence, it was by burning that early man stamped ownership on his commodity, and with the development of advanced trade of goods; buyers would use such marks (brands) as a means of distinguishing between the goods being transacted. For example a farmer with a particularly good reputation for the quality of his animals would find his brand much sought after, while the brands of farmers with a lesser reputation were to be avoided or treated with caution. Thus the utility of brands as a guide to choice was established, a role that has remained unchanged to the present day. With rapid and gradual advancement in the acknowledgement of brand for particular goods and commodity, people started vying for goods with a good reputation i.e. brand. With the elapse of time goods and brands have changed but the basic concept remains unchanged and it is ultimately brand that persuades a buyer to go for that product. And with the advanced and developed market situation, brand has become an identity not only for the company it represents but also of its customers. Brand itself has developed into a niche and people vie for that segregated population associated to that brand. Brand today holds a very specific position and top brands have today become a sense of class amongst the top notch people. People associated to a brand don’t go for the product but rather to the brand itself. And brand has set a platform to the people specially the elite class people as a way of differentiating themselves from others. But today with the financial strength of the overall population brand has become a favorite among the middle class population as well. Middle class population that focused on reliable and durable products in the past have started becoming brand conscious and the major factor for this can be the realization in part of the companies in better understanding of the market scenario of the middle class population and diversifying itself in catering to that segment of people. And in parts of the customers they have started realizing in the concept of quality over quantity. Brand established companies nowadays have started manufacturing goods and services as per the demand of these middle class people with quality goods on reasonable prices. And this has played a major role in attracting more and more people into its circle. But a major hindrance for these products and services has become cheap imitation and delicacy. From the time of establishment of brand, imitation has been found along time, so it can be justified that the practice of unlawful imitation lurked close behind, a practice that remains common till this day, even in the presence of highly developed legal systems. 1.2 SOCIAL CLASS Social class refers to a group of people with similar levels of wealth, influence, and status. Sociologists typically use three methods to determine social class. Humans have evolved living in a closed community and have thus been categorized according to their surrounding and their social identity and circle. Social class is that segmentation which varies the people according to this social status and financial stronghold. Accordingly they can be differentiated as follows: Upper class people Upper-middle class people Middle-class people Lower-middle Class People Lower Class People This segmentation according to their financial situation has been the center of attraction for marketers around the globe. Marketers focus on individual segment of people according to the product and services they serve. Some serve the niche market while many serve other general segments. But with financial increment of other class especially of the middle class, more companies serving the top class have started putting their focus on middle class people. 1.3 Objectives: General Objectives To find the importance of brand amongst general public. To identify the market scenario of branded products. Specific Objectives To analyze the trend of brand influence among the middle class population. To study the stronghold of middle class people in the space of branded goods. 1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY Brand has come a long way with the advancement of market and the people associated to the market. Brand nowadays cannot sustain itself only by serving the elite class so the focus has been made relying on the trend and demand of the market, and accordingly their focus has been more directed towards middle class people and their demands. Another aspect of analyzing the situation can be the possibility of threat to the companies itself in trying to penetrate such a volatile segment that are still price conscious in some regards. And identifying the challenges for the brands itself and the consumers is also an important part of this study. 1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS Has brand become so strong that it can easily influence the price sensitive population or is it the cheap imitation that has taken over their market? 1.6 RESEARCH STATEMENT The present middle class population feels more connected to the brand they are attached to than the traditional people/ family. With more and more brands being made available at reasonable price, this segment of population has become the magnetic pull for companies that carry its significant brand. So have the companies really succeeded in luring this class of people towards itself or is it just an unsung tale of what they are yet to achieve. 1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY Although this study has tried uncovering the areas related to brand and its impact on middle class population, total evaluation may be lagging, and the limitation for this has been mentioned below: As the cause of lack of adequate time and required information, some aspect of this study may do injustice to the overall scenario of the market. Limited number of people of this segment will be interviewed and the questionnaires filled accordingly. Some of the filled questionnaires may have doubtful results so proper information may be absent. 2. Literature Review Brand itself is not a product nor an identity put forward by an individual or a company, rather it is an instinctive feeling that individual carries about for a product or services. Trust and Gut feeling on any product is a brand. And this trust comes from meeting and beating customer’s expectation, which comes from brand values as: Price premium Customer preferences Replacement cost Stock Price and Future Earnings And the main purpose of branding is to get more people to buy more stuff for more years at a higher price. (Brand Gap: A VISUAL PRESENTATION BY MARTY NEUMEIER) And brands that catered to the top class people has successfully lured in more and more middle class population into its circle through this trust it has created amongst the total population. The penny pinching population that thrives on price subsidized products has started minimizing their quantitative expenses to focus more on brands they get attracted to. Different types of companies have different concepts of exactly what it means to be middle class. Using income level as the defining criterion for differentiation of class is reasonable. But simply judging a group by income is far from sufficient for marketers of consumer goods. Such marketers trying to reach the middle class have to know more than their salaries. They must know what makes middle class consumers tick. Income plays a powerful role in most purchasing decisions for any consumer segment, but other elements play a role that is sometimes greater than income. When products are relatively inexpensive, income has little influence on a consumer’s decision making process. Deciding to buy chocolate, for example, depends significantly more on consumers’ emotion and shopping experience—a store’s ambience, for example—than it does on how much money they make. /’Using income as the only indicator of spending habits allows much information to slip through the cracks. In addition, income is a difficult variable to act upon, in part because the data on income can be either unavailable or unreliable in most cases. Thus, companies must find meaningful alternatives to predict what consumers can afford and what they are willing to pay for certain goods and services. Zeithaml (1982, 1988) suggests in most purchasing decision customers objective is to Get the best for the money. This represents the combination of price and value orientation which is the most important consideration for most of the consumers. Crier and Ross (1997) maintains that the greater the perceived value, the greater that the customers will be interested in purchasing. They (Crier Ross) explained the term value orientation saying Consumer trends to select the lowest price alternatives when the options in the choice set are perceived to have the same level of benefit. Consumers are becoming more price conscious does not mean that they always go for the lowest price, rather they will seek for affordable price range among their acceptable quality range. Maccilil, (1987), in his study told about the total business and household consumer market that both classes consider price, quality, convenient location as the most powerful influential factors in selecting or buying consumer goods. In the same time Winklin and Duery (1987) conducted a similar study focusing on the two groups of consumers having high income and low income in USA proved the influential forces earlier described by Maccilil. In the theory of marketing and buyer behavior, the concept of social class is considered the basic determinant of consumption behavior. In fact, among behavioral scientists, there was a consensus that market behavior of individuals is closely related to their social class. In this context, social class was often considered more important than income in affecting buying behavior (Slocum and Mathews, 1970). Though these mentioned research pave a road map as to how brand influence the market of middle class people and how brand has come a long way from being a niche to being available for all in the developed nation; the basic format or the fundamentals remains the same even for developing nation like ours. And it can be concluded that of the all class of people, middle class population has become the center target for the companies to penetrate and establish itself. 2.2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK The dependent and independent variables are as follows: Dependent variables Sales Volume Customer Loyalty Independent Variables Availability of products at affordable prices Financial Stronghold Environment Social Up gradation 3. Research Methodology 3.1 Research Design: This research can be categorized as descriptive and observational study. This can be explained on the fact that it is based on what the trend persists on the market place and also includes facts and findings based on survey being carried out. 3.2 Population/ Sampling: Provided the fact of more brand conscious population is on the rise, this report is based only on limited sampling given the limited time period and resources. Not much study has been conducted on this topic; hence it is limited to certain aspect and does not represent the total scenario of the market. 3.3 Nature of data The source of data is categorized on two fronts: Primary Source: Interview Questionnaire Secondary Source: E-Books and magazines 3.4 Data collection technique Interview: Interview is the best and the most effective method of collecting data, because you get a firsthand knowledge about the present market scenario and the impact of what you’re searching for your study. This helps the interviewers gets to observe the intended market and its population and extract the immediate knowledge of the market. Questionnaire: Questionnaire helps the researcher to find exactly what is to be found and analyzed. A perfectly shaped set of questions gives the intended findings. It also helps to get quick results on a limited time frame. 3.5 Expected Findings Through this research I expect to understand the real market scenario of the branded products and its impact on the middle class population; their reaction towards branded goods and services and their responsiveness towards the strategies played by the companies. References: http://www.chinabusinessreview.com/understanding-chinas-middle-class/ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/travel_news/article-2921577/Middle-class-travellers-demanding-300MILLION-upgrades-holiday-homes-luxury-self-catering-trend-takes-hold.html The Oxford American Dictionary (1980) Zeithaml (1982, 1988) Crier and Ross (1997) Maccilil (1987) Winklin and Duery (1987) Slocum and Mathew (1970) Gantt chart / Work plan Budget S.N Particulars Budget Head Amount 1. Travelling expenses Travelling and expenses 700 2. Stationery Miscellaneous 500 3. Printing of questionnaires, proposal and final report Print and publishing 200 Total 1400 Questionnaire Describe what ‘brand’ means to you? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. In which social class do you put yourself in? Upper Class Upper Middle Class Middle Class Lower Class Define your annual income in the scale (in thousand) If others specify†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ What do you see in a product? Price Quality Brand All of the above Scale your reliance on brand? 1086420 Do you always purchase branded products? Yes No Why do you prefer branded products? To maintain social status Brand consciousness Peer pressure Quality What do you think influences people to buy a branded product? Quality Product Availability Competitive Price Good value and services Do you think branded products marketed for upper class people is as same as the products for the middle class people? Yes No Do you think brand has really attracted the middle class people of our market scenario? Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree When it comes to consumable goods do you think brand for a product has a significance? Yes No Do you consider yourself a price sensitive costumer? Yes No Do you bargain when buying a branded product or do you settle at the set premium price? Yes No Do you actually prefer brand or does cheap imitation satisfy you? Brand Cheap imitation is preferable Brand helps middle class people to upgrade their social status? Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree If you consider yourself a brand conscious person, has brand upgraded your status? Yes No Do you agree the price tag placed is justifiable for the branded products? Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree